Fase 2

worker/Dockerfile

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+FROM python:3.12-slim
+
+# Dipendenze di sistema
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    gcc \
+    libpq-dev \
+    curl \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+WORKDIR /worker
+
+# Installa dipendenze Python
+COPY pyproject.toml .
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -e ".[dev]"
+
+# Copia codice sorgente
+COPY . .
+
+# Healthcheck: verifica che il processo worker sia vivo
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=10s --start-period=30s --retries=3 \
+    CMD python -c "import redis; r = redis.Redis.from_url('${REDIS_URL:-redis://redis:6379/0}'); r.ping()" || exit 1
+
+# Entrypoint: avvia il worker arq
+CMD ["python", "-m", "app.main"]

worker/app/__init__.py

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+# Worker PecFlow

worker/app/config.py

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+"""
+Configurazione worker – legge le stesse variabili d'ambiente del backend.
+"""
+
+from functools import lru_cache
+
+from pydantic import field_validator
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings, SettingsConfigDict
+
+
+class WorkerSettings(BaseSettings):
+    model_config = SettingsConfigDict(
+        env_file=".env",
+        env_file_encoding="utf-8",
+        case_sensitive=False,
+        extra="ignore",
+    )
+
+    # ── Ambiente ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    app_env: str = "development"
+    log_level: str = "INFO"
+
+    # ── Database ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    database_url: str = "postgresql+asyncpg://pecflow:pecflow_dev_password@db:5432/pecflow"
+
+    # ── Redis ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    redis_url: str = "redis://redis:6379/0"
+
+    # ── MinIO ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    minio_endpoint: str = "minio:9000"
+    minio_access_key: str = "minioadmin"
+    minio_secret_key: str = "minioadmin"
+    minio_bucket: str = "pecflow"
+    minio_use_ssl: bool = False
+
+    # ── Cifratura credenziali (ADR-002) ───────────────────────────────────────
+    encryption_key: str = "0" * 64
+
+    # ── Parametri IMAP sync ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    imap_idle_timeout_seconds: int = 1680      # 28 minuti (RFC 2177 ≤ 29 min)
+    imap_polling_interval_seconds: int = 60   # polling se IDLE non supportato
+    imap_max_fetch_per_cycle: int = 50         # max messaggi per ciclo di fetch
+    imap_max_error_count: int = 5             # errori consecutivi → status=error
+    imap_connect_timeout_seconds: int = 30    # timeout connessione iniziale
+
+    # ── Backoff esponenziale ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    backoff_initial_seconds: float = 1.0
+    backoff_multiplier: float = 2.0
+    backoff_max_seconds: float = 300.0        # 5 minuti massimo
+
+    @field_validator("encryption_key")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_encryption_key(cls, v: str) -> str:
+        if len(v) != 64:
+            raise ValueError("ENCRYPTION_KEY deve essere 64 caratteri hex")
+        bytes.fromhex(v)
+        return v
+
+    @property
+    def encryption_key_bytes(self) -> bytes:
+        return bytes.fromhex(self.encryption_key)
+
+
+@lru_cache
+def get_settings() -> WorkerSettings:
+    return WorkerSettings()

worker/app/database.py

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+"""
+Connessione database per il worker – usa SQLAlchemy async (stesso stack del backend).
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession, async_sessionmaker, create_async_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+
+from app.config import get_settings
+
+settings = get_settings()
+
+engine = create_async_engine(
+    settings.database_url,
+    echo=False,
+    pool_size=5,
+    max_overflow=10,
+    pool_pre_ping=True,
+)
+
+AsyncSessionLocal = async_sessionmaker(
+    engine,
+    class_=AsyncSession,
+    expire_on_commit=False,
+    autoflush=False,
+    autocommit=False,
+)
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+async def get_db_session() -> AsyncSession:
+    """Restituisce una nuova sessione DB – da usare come context manager."""
+    return AsyncSessionLocal()

worker/app/imap/__init__.py

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+# IMAP sync engine

worker/app/imap/connection.py

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+"""
+IMAPConnection – gestione singola connessione IMAP con:
+  - IDLE con heartbeat 28 min (RFC 2177)
+  - Polling fallback ogni 60s se IDLE non supportato
+  - Backoff esponenziale su disconnessione
+  - Aggiornamento stato mailbox su N errori consecutivi
+
+Architettura (ADR-003):
+  Un asyncio.Task per casella → overhead minimo, migliaia di caselle per host.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import base64
+import logging
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import aioimaplib
+import redis.asyncio as aioredis
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.config import get_settings
+from app.database import AsyncSessionLocal
+from app.imap.reconnect import ExponentialBackoff
+from app.imap.sync import sync_new_messages
+from app.models import Mailbox
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+settings = get_settings()
+
+
+def _decrypt(enc: str) -> str:
+    """Decifra un campo credenziale AES-256-GCM."""
+    import os
+    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.aead import AESGCM
+
+    key = settings.encryption_key_bytes
+    aesgcm = AESGCM(key)
+    raw = base64.b64decode(enc.encode("ascii"))
+    nonce = raw[:12]
+    ciphertext_with_tag = raw[12:]
+    return aesgcm.decrypt(nonce, ciphertext_with_tag, None).decode("utf-8")
+
+
+class IMAPConnection:
+    """
+    Gestisce la connessione IMAP di una singola casella PEC.
+
+    Ciclo di vita:
+      1. Connessione IMAP (SSL o plain)
+      2. Login
+      3. SELECT INBOX
+      4. Sync iniziale (tutti i messaggi nuovi dall'ultimo UID noto)
+      5. IDLE loop (o polling se IDLE non disponibile)
+      6. Su EXISTS/EXPUNGE notify → fetch nuovi messaggi
+      7. Su errore → backoff → torna al punto 1
+      8. Su N errori consecutivi → imposta mailbox.status=error
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        mailbox_id: str,
+        redis_client: aioredis.Redis,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.mailbox_id = mailbox_id
+        self.redis = redis_client
+        self._running = False
+        self._client: aioimaplib.IMAP4 | aioimaplib.IMAP4_SSL | None = None
+
+    async def run(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Loop principale della connessione IMAP.
+        Questo metodo non solleva mai eccezioni; gestisce internamente tutti gli errori.
+        """
+        self._running = True
+        backoff = ExponentialBackoff(label=f"mailbox:{self.mailbox_id[:8]}")
+
+        while self._running:
+            try:
+                async with AsyncSessionLocal() as db:
+                    # Carica mailbox dal DB
+                    mailbox = await db.get(Mailbox, self.mailbox_id)
+                    if not mailbox:
+                        logger.error(
+                            f"[{self.mailbox_id}] Mailbox non trovata in DB. Task terminato."
+                        )
+                        return
+
+                    if mailbox.status in ("deleted", "paused"):
+                        logger.info(
+                            f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Status={mailbox.status}, task in pausa."
+                        )
+                        await asyncio.sleep(60)
+                        continue
+
+                    # Decifra credenziali
+                    creds = self._decrypt_creds(mailbox)
+
+                    # Connetti e sincronizza
+                    await self._connect_and_run(mailbox, creds, db, backoff)
+
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                logger.info(f"[{self.mailbox_id}] Task IMAP cancellato.")
+                self._running = False
+                return
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(
+                    f"[{self.mailbox_id}] Errore inatteso nel loop IMAP: {e}",
+                    exc_info=True,
+                )
+                await backoff.wait(e)
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        """Segnala al loop di terminare al prossimo ciclo."""
+        self._running = False
+
+    # ─── Connessione e loop interno ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def _connect_and_run(
+        self,
+        mailbox: Mailbox,
+        creds: dict,
+        db: AsyncSession,
+        backoff: ExponentialBackoff,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Tenta la connessione IMAP. Se riesce, avvia il loop IDLE/polling.
+        Se fallisce, incrementa il contatore errori e aggiorna lo stato mailbox.
+        """
+        try:
+            client = await self._connect(creds)
+            self._client = client
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            err_msg = f"Timeout connessione IMAP ({settings.imap_connect_timeout_seconds}s)"
+            await self._record_error(mailbox, db, err_msg)
+            await backoff.wait(TimeoutError(err_msg))
+            return
+        except Exception as e:
+            err_msg = str(e)
+            await self._record_error(mailbox, db, err_msg)
+            await backoff.wait(e)
+            return
+
+        # Connessione riuscita
+        backoff.reset()
+        await self._reset_error_state(mailbox, db)
+
+        # Sync iniziale: porta il DB aggiornato fino all'ultimo UID disponibile
+        logger.info(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Sync iniziale...")
+        try:
+            n = await sync_new_messages(self._client, mailbox, db, self.redis)
+            if n > 0:
+                logger.info(
+                    f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Sync iniziale completata: {n} messaggi nuovi"
+                )
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(
+                f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Errore sync iniziale: {e}", exc_info=True
+            )
+
+        # Avvia IDLE o polling
+        supports_idle = self._supports_idle(client)
+        if supports_idle:
+            logger.info(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Avvio IDLE loop")
+            await self._idle_loop(mailbox, db)
+        else:
+            logger.info(
+                f"[{mailbox.email_address}] IDLE non supportato, avvio polling "
+                f"ogni {settings.imap_polling_interval_seconds}s"
+            )
+            await self._polling_loop(mailbox, db)
+
+    async def _connect(
+        self, creds: dict
+    ) -> aioimaplib.IMAP4 | aioimaplib.IMAP4_SSL:
+        """Connette al server IMAP e fa login. Solleva eccezione su errore."""
+        host = creds["host"]
+        port = creds["port"]
+        user = creds["user"]
+        password = creds["password"]
+        use_ssl = creds["use_ssl"]
+
+        logger.info(f"Connessione IMAP {user}@{host}:{port} ssl={use_ssl}")
+
+        if use_ssl:
+            client = aioimaplib.IMAP4_SSL(
+                host=host,
+                port=port,
+                timeout=settings.imap_connect_timeout_seconds,
+            )
+        else:
+            client = aioimaplib.IMAP4(
+                host=host,
+                port=port,
+                timeout=settings.imap_connect_timeout_seconds,
+            )
+
+        await asyncio.wait_for(
+            client.wait_hello_from_server(),
+            timeout=settings.imap_connect_timeout_seconds,
+        )
+
+        status, _ = await client.login(user, password)
+        if status != "OK":
+            await client.logout()
+            raise ConnectionError(f"Login IMAP fallito: status={status}")
+
+        status, _ = await client.select("INBOX")
+        if status != "OK":
+            await client.logout()
+            raise ConnectionError(f"SELECT INBOX fallito: status={status}")
+
+        logger.info(f"IMAP connesso: {user}@{host}:{port}")
+        return client
+
+    def _supports_idle(
+        self, client: aioimaplib.IMAP4 | aioimaplib.IMAP4_SSL
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Verifica se il server supporta IDLE."""
+        try:
+            caps = client.protocol.capabilities
+            return "IDLE" in caps
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+
+    # ─── IDLE loop ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def _idle_loop(self, mailbox: Mailbox, db: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        """
+        Loop IMAP IDLE con heartbeat ogni 28 minuti (RFC 2177).
+
+        Quando il server segnala EXISTS (nuovi messaggi) → sync.
+        Ogni 28 minuti → DONE + re-IDLE per mantenere connessione viva.
+        """
+        client = self._client
+        idle_timeout = settings.imap_idle_timeout_seconds  # 28 min
+
+        while self._running:
+            try:
+                # Avvia IDLE
+                await client.idle_start(timeout=idle_timeout)
+
+                # Attendi server push con timeout (heartbeat)
+                try:
+                    server_push = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                        client.wait_server_push(),
+                        timeout=float(idle_timeout),
+                    )
+                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                    # Heartbeat: nessun nuovo messaggio in 28 minuti → re-IDLE
+                    server_push = []
+
+                # Termina IDLE
+                await client.idle_done()
+
+                # Controlla se ci sono nuovi messaggi (EXISTS)
+                has_new = any(
+                    b"EXISTS" in (line if isinstance(line, bytes) else line.encode())
+                    for line in server_push
+                    if line
+                )
+
+                if has_new:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        f"[{mailbox.email_address}] EXISTS ricevuto, sync..."
+                    )
+                    # Ricarica mailbox dal DB per avere last_sync_uid aggiornato
+                    await db.refresh(mailbox)
+                    n = await sync_new_messages(client, mailbox, db, self.redis)
+                    if n > 0:
+                        logger.info(
+                            f"[{mailbox.email_address}] {n} nuovi messaggi sincronizzati"
+                        )
+
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                try:
+                    await client.idle_done()
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                return
+            except (ConnectionError, IOError, OSError) as e:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Connessione IDLE persa: {e}"
+                )
+                raise  # propaga al loop esterno per backoff
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(
+                    f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Errore IDLE loop: {e}", exc_info=True
+                )
+                raise
+
+    # ─── Polling loop ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def _polling_loop(self, mailbox: Mailbox, db: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        """
+        Polling IMAP ogni N secondi quando IDLE non è supportato.
+        Esegue NOOP + SEARCH UID per verificare nuovi messaggi.
+        """
+        client = self._client
+        interval = settings.imap_polling_interval_seconds
+
+        while self._running:
+            try:
+                await asyncio.sleep(interval)
+
+                if not self._running:
+                    break
+
+                # NOOP per mantenere connessione viva
+                try:
+                    await client.noop()
+                except Exception:
+                    raise ConnectionError("Connessione IMAP persa durante NOOP")
+
+                # Ricarica mailbox e controlla nuovi UID
+                await db.refresh(mailbox)
+                n = await sync_new_messages(client, mailbox, db, self.redis)
+                if n > 0:
+                    logger.info(
+                        f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Polling: {n} nuovi messaggi"
+                    )
+
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                return
+            except (ConnectionError, IOError, OSError) as e:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Connessione polling persa: {e}"
+                )
+                raise
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(
+                    f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Errore polling loop: {e}", exc_info=True
+                )
+                raise
+
+    # ─── Error management ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def _record_error(
+        self, mailbox: Mailbox, db: AsyncSession, error_msg: str
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Incrementa sync_error_count. Se supera il limite → status=error.
+        Pubblica evento Redis di errore.
+        """
+        import json
+
+        mailbox.sync_error_count += 1
+        mailbox.sync_error_msg = error_msg[:500]
+
+        if mailbox.sync_error_count >= settings.imap_max_error_count:
+            if mailbox.status != "error":
+                mailbox.status = "error"
+                logger.error(
+                    f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Troppe anomalie "
+                    f"({mailbox.sync_error_count}), status=error"
+                )
+                # Pubblica evento WebSocket di errore
+                try:
+                    event = {
+                        "type": "mailbox:sync_error",
+                        "mailbox_id": str(mailbox.id),
+                        "error": error_msg,
+                        "status": "error",
+                    }
+                    channel = f"ws:tenant:{mailbox.tenant_id}"
+                    await self.redis.publish(channel, json.dumps(event))
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+
+        await db.flush()
+        await db.commit()
+
+    async def _reset_error_state(
+        self, mailbox: Mailbox, db: AsyncSession
+    ) -> None:
+        """Resetta il contatore errori dopo una connessione riuscita."""
+        if mailbox.sync_error_count > 0 or mailbox.status == "error":
+            mailbox.sync_error_count = 0
+            mailbox.sync_error_msg = None
+            if mailbox.status == "error":
+                mailbox.status = "active"
+            await db.flush()
+            await db.commit()
+
+    # ─── Decrypt credentials ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _decrypt_creds(mailbox: Mailbox) -> dict:
+        """Decifra le credenziali IMAP dalla mailbox."""
+        return {
+            "host": _decrypt(mailbox.imap_host_enc),
+            "port": int(_decrypt(mailbox.imap_port_enc)),
+            "user": _decrypt(mailbox.imap_user_enc),
+            "password": _decrypt(mailbox.imap_pass_enc),
+            "use_ssl": mailbox.imap_use_ssl,
+        }

worker/app/imap/pool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+"""
+MailboxPool – orchestratore async per N caselle IMAP in parallelo.
+
+All'avvio del worker:
+  1. Carica tutte le mailbox con status='active' dal DB
+  2. Avvia un asyncio.Task per ogni casella (IMAPConnection.run)
+  3. Monitora i task: se uno muore, lo riavvia dopo un breve delay
+  4. Osserva eventi Redis per caselle aggiunte/rimosse/aggiornate a runtime
+
+ADR-003: Un task async per casella – overhead < 10MB per casella.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import uuid
+from typing import Any
+
+import redis.asyncio as aioredis
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.config import get_settings
+from app.database import AsyncSessionLocal
+from app.imap.connection import IMAPConnection
+from app.models import Mailbox
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+settings = get_settings()
+
+# Canale Redis per eventi di gestione caselle
+MAILBOX_EVENTS_CHANNEL = "mailbox:events"
+
+
+class MailboxPool:
+    """
+    Gestisce il pool di task IMAP asincroni.
+
+    Un task per casella, monitorato e riavviato automaticamente in caso di crash.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, redis_client: aioredis.Redis) -> None:
+        self.redis = redis_client
+        # mailbox_id (str) → asyncio.Task
+        self._tasks: dict[str, asyncio.Task] = {}
+        # mailbox_id (str) → IMAPConnection
+        self._connections: dict[str, IMAPConnection] = {}
+        self._running = False
+        self._monitor_task: asyncio.Task | None = None
+        self._events_task: asyncio.Task | None = None
+
+    # ─── Lifecycle ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Carica le mailbox attive dal DB e avvia i task IMAP.
+        Da chiamare nell'on_startup del worker arq.
+        """
+        self._running = True
+        logger.info("MailboxPool: avvio in corso...")
+
+        mailbox_ids = await self._load_active_mailbox_ids()
+        logger.info(f"MailboxPool: {len(mailbox_ids)} caselle attive trovate")
+
+        for mid in mailbox_ids:
+            await self._start_task(mid)
+
+        # Task di monitoraggio: riavvia task morti
+        self._monitor_task = asyncio.create_task(
+            self._monitor_loop(), name="mailbox-pool-monitor"
+        )
+
+        # Task listener Redis: gestisce caselle aggiunte/rimosse a runtime
+        self._events_task = asyncio.create_task(
+            self._events_listener(), name="mailbox-pool-events"
+        )
+
+        logger.info(
+            f"MailboxPool avviato: {len(self._tasks)} task IMAP in esecuzione"
+        )
+
+    async def stop(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Ferma tutti i task IMAP.
+        Da chiamare nell'on_shutdown del worker arq.
+        """
+        logger.info("MailboxPool: arresto in corso...")
+        self._running = False
+
+        # Cancella task di sistema
+        for task in [self._monitor_task, self._events_task]:
+            if task and not task.done():
+                task.cancel()
+                try:
+                    await task
+                except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                    pass
+
+        # Ferma tutte le connessioni IMAP
+        for conn in self._connections.values():
+            conn.stop()
+
+        # Cancella i task
+        if self._tasks:
+            await asyncio.gather(
+                *[t for t in self._tasks.values() if not t.done()],
+                return_exceptions=True,
+            )
+
+        self._tasks.clear()
+        self._connections.clear()
+        logger.info("MailboxPool: tutti i task fermati")
+
+    # ─── Gestione task individuali ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def add_mailbox(self, mailbox_id: str) -> None:
+        """Aggiunge e avvia una nuova casella al pool a runtime."""
+        if mailbox_id in self._tasks and not self._tasks[mailbox_id].done():
+            logger.debug(f"MailboxPool: {mailbox_id[:8]} già nel pool")
+            return
+        await self._start_task(mailbox_id)
+        logger.info(f"MailboxPool: casella aggiunta {mailbox_id[:8]}")
+
+    async def remove_mailbox(self, mailbox_id: str) -> None:
+        """Ferma e rimuove una casella dal pool a runtime."""
+        if mailbox_id in self._connections:
+            self._connections[mailbox_id].stop()
+
+        if mailbox_id in self._tasks:
+            task = self._tasks[mailbox_id]
+            if not task.done():
+                task.cancel()
+                try:
+                    await asyncio.wait_for(task, timeout=5.0)
+                except (asyncio.CancelledError, asyncio.TimeoutError):
+                    pass
+            del self._tasks[mailbox_id]
+
+        if mailbox_id in self._connections:
+            del self._connections[mailbox_id]
+
+        logger.info(f"MailboxPool: casella rimossa {mailbox_id[:8]}")
+
+    @property
+    def active_count(self) -> int:
+        """Numero di task IMAP attivi."""
+        return sum(1 for t in self._tasks.values() if not t.done())
+
+    # ─── Loop di monitoraggio ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def _monitor_loop(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Ogni 30 secondi verifica i task morti e li riavvia.
+        Rimuove anche task di caselle che non esistono più nel DB.
+        """
+        while self._running:
+            try:
+                await asyncio.sleep(30)
+
+                dead_ids = [
+                    mid for mid, task in self._tasks.items()
+                    if task.done() and not task.cancelled()
+                ]
+
+                if dead_ids:
+                    logger.info(
+                        f"MailboxPool monitor: {len(dead_ids)} task morti, riavvio..."
+                    )
+                    active_ids = await self._load_active_mailbox_ids()
+                    active_set = {str(mid) for mid in active_ids}
+
+                    for mid in dead_ids:
+                        if mid in active_set:
+                            logger.info(
+                                f"MailboxPool: riavvio task {mid[:8]}..."
+                            )
+                            await self._start_task(mid)
+                        else:
+                            # Casella non più attiva, rimuovi dal pool
+                            logger.info(
+                                f"MailboxPool: casella {mid[:8]} non più attiva, rimossa"
+                            )
+                            self._tasks.pop(mid, None)
+                            self._connections.pop(mid, None)
+
+                # Aggiungi caselle nuove attive
+                active_ids = await self._load_active_mailbox_ids()
+                for mid in active_ids:
+                    mid_str = str(mid)
+                    if mid_str not in self._tasks or self._tasks[mid_str].done():
+                        logger.info(
+                            f"MailboxPool: rilevata nuova casella attiva {mid_str[:8]}"
+                        )
+                        await self._start_task(mid_str)
+
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                return
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(f"MailboxPool monitor errore: {e}", exc_info=True)
+
+    # ─── Listener eventi Redis ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def _events_listener(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Ascolta eventi Redis per aggiungere/rimuovere caselle a runtime.
+
+        Formato evento: {"action": "add"|"remove"|"refresh", "mailbox_id": "<uuid>"}
+        Pubblicare con: PUBLISH mailbox:events '{"action":"add","mailbox_id":"<uuid>"}'
+        """
+        pubsub = self.redis.pubsub()
+        await pubsub.subscribe(MAILBOX_EVENTS_CHANNEL)
+
+        logger.debug(f"MailboxPool: in ascolto su Redis {MAILBOX_EVENTS_CHANNEL}")
+
+        try:
+            async for message in pubsub.listen():
+                if not self._running:
+                    break
+
+                if message["type"] != "message":
+                    continue
+
+                try:
+                    data = json.loads(message["data"])
+                    action = data.get("action")
+                    mid = data.get("mailbox_id")
+
+                    if not action or not mid:
+                        continue
+
+                    if action == "add":
+                        await self.add_mailbox(mid)
+                    elif action == "remove":
+                        await self.remove_mailbox(mid)
+                    elif action == "refresh":
+                        # Rimuovi e riavvia (utile dopo cambio credenziali)
+                        await self.remove_mailbox(mid)
+                        await asyncio.sleep(1)
+                        await self.add_mailbox(mid)
+
+                except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError) as e:
+                    logger.warning(f"MailboxPool: evento Redis malformato: {e}")
+
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            await pubsub.unsubscribe(MAILBOX_EVENTS_CHANNEL)
+            return
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"MailboxPool events listener errore: {e}", exc_info=True)
+
+    # ─── Private ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def _start_task(self, mailbox_id: str) -> None:
+        """Crea e avvia un nuovo task IMAPConnection per la casella."""
+        conn = IMAPConnection(
+            mailbox_id=mailbox_id,
+            redis_client=self.redis,
+        )
+        self._connections[mailbox_id] = conn
+
+        task = asyncio.create_task(
+            conn.run(),
+            name=f"imap-{mailbox_id[:8]}",
+        )
+        self._tasks[mailbox_id] = task
+
+    async def _load_active_mailbox_ids(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Carica dal DB gli UUID di tutte le caselle con status=active."""
+        try:
+            async with AsyncSessionLocal() as db:
+                result = await db.execute(
+                    select(Mailbox.id).where(Mailbox.status == "active")
+                )
+                return [str(row[0]) for row in result.all()]
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"MailboxPool: errore caricamento caselle: {e}")
+            return []

worker/app/imap/reconnect.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""
+Strategia backoff esponenziale per riconnessioni IMAP.
+
+Parametri configurabili in WorkerSettings:
+  backoff_initial_seconds  = 1.0   (primo wait)
+  backoff_multiplier       = 2.0   (moltiplicatore)
+  backoff_max_seconds      = 300.0 (tetto massimo: 5 minuti)
+
+Sequenza di attesa: 1s → 2s → 4s → 8s → 16s → 32s → 64s → 128s → 256s → 300s → 300s → ...
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import random
+
+from app.config import get_settings
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+settings = get_settings()
+
+
+class ExponentialBackoff:
+    """
+    Gestisce il backoff esponenziale con jitter opzionale.
+
+    Uso:
+        backoff = ExponentialBackoff(label="casella@pec.it")
+        while True:
+            try:
+                await connect()
+                backoff.reset()      # connessione riuscita → resetta backoff
+                await run_loop()
+            except Exception as e:
+                await backoff.wait(e)  # attende prima di ritentare
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, label: str = "", jitter: bool = True) -> None:
+        self.label = label
+        self.jitter = jitter
+        self._attempt = 0
+        self._current_wait = settings.backoff_initial_seconds
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        """Resetta il backoff dopo una connessione riuscita."""
+        if self._attempt > 0:
+            logger.info(
+                f"[{self.label}] Connessione ristabilita dopo {self._attempt} tentativi"
+            )
+        self._attempt = 0
+        self._current_wait = settings.backoff_initial_seconds
+
+    async def wait(self, error: Exception | None = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Attende il tempo calcolato dal backoff, poi incrementa per il prossimo ciclo.
+        Aggiunge jitter ±10% per evitare thundering herd su N caselle.
+        """
+        self._attempt += 1
+        wait_time = min(self._current_wait, settings.backoff_max_seconds)
+
+        if self.jitter:
+            jitter_range = wait_time * 0.1
+            wait_time += random.uniform(-jitter_range, jitter_range)
+            wait_time = max(0.5, wait_time)
+
+        logger.warning(
+            f"[{self.label}] Tentativo {self._attempt} fallito"
+            f"{f': {error}' if error else ''}. "
+            f"Riconnessione in {wait_time:.1f}s"
+        )
+
+        await asyncio.sleep(wait_time)
+
+        # Incrementa per il prossimo tentativo
+        self._current_wait = min(
+            self._current_wait * settings.backoff_multiplier,
+            settings.backoff_max_seconds,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def attempt(self) -> int:
+        return self._attempt

worker/app/imap/sync.py

@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+"""
+Logica di sincronizzazione messaggi IMAP.
+
+Responsabilità:
+  1. Fetch della lista UID > last_sync_uid
+  2. Download envelope + raw EML per ogni UID
+  3. Parsing base degli header (subject, from, to, date)
+  4. Salvataggio in tabella messages
+  5. Upload raw EML su MinIO
+  6. Aggiornamento last_sync_uid e last_sync_at sulla mailbox
+  7. Pubblicazione evento Redis per notifica WebSocket
+"""
+
+import email
+import email.header
+import email.utils
+import hashlib
+import json
+import logging
+import re
+import uuid
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import aioimaplib
+import redis.asyncio as aioredis
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.config import get_settings
+from app.models import Mailbox, Message
+from app.storage.minio_client import upload_eml
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+settings = get_settings()
+
+
+# ─── Helper: decodifica header email ─────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def _decode_header(header_value: str | None) -> str | None:
+    """Decodifica header RFC 2047 (es. =?utf-8?b?...?=) in stringa Python."""
+    if not header_value:
+        return None
+    try:
+        parts = email.header.decode_header(header_value)
+        decoded = []
+        for part, charset in parts:
+            if isinstance(part, bytes):
+                decoded.append(part.decode(charset or "utf-8", errors="replace"))
+            else:
+                decoded.append(part)
+        return "".join(decoded).strip()
+    except Exception:
+        return str(header_value)
+
+
+def _extract_addresses(field: str | None) -> list[str]:
+    """Estrae lista di indirizzi email da un campo To/Cc."""
+    if not field:
+        return []
+    try:
+        addresses = email.utils.getaddresses([field])
+        return [addr for _, addr in addresses if addr]
+    except Exception:
+        return []
+
+
+def _parse_date(date_str: str | None) -> datetime | None:
+    """Converte stringa data RFC 2822 in datetime con timezone."""
+    if not date_str:
+        return None
+    try:
+        parsed = email.utils.parsedate_to_datetime(date_str)
+        if parsed.tzinfo is None:
+            parsed = parsed.replace(tzinfo=UTC)
+        return parsed
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _classify_pec_type(msg: email.message.Message) -> str:
+    """
+    Classifica il tipo PEC dal header X-Ricevuta / X-TipoRicevuta.
+    Fase 3 fa il parsing completo; qui classifichiamo al meglio possibile.
+    """
+    x_ricevuta = msg.get("X-Ricevuta", "").lower()
+    x_tipo = msg.get("X-TipoRicevuta", "").lower()
+
+    TYPE_MAP = {
+        "accettazione": "accettazione",
+        "non-accettazione": "non_accettazione",
+        "presa-in-carico": "presa_in_carico",
+        "avvenuta-consegna": "avvenuta_consegna",
+        "mancata-consegna": "mancata_consegna",
+        "errore-consegna": "errore_consegna",
+        "preavviso-mancata-consegna": "preavviso_mancata_consegna",
+        "rilevazione-virus": "rilevazione_virus",
+    }
+
+    value = x_tipo or x_ricevuta
+    return TYPE_MAP.get(value, "posta_certificata")
+
+
+def _parse_eml(raw_bytes: bytes) -> dict:
+    """
+    Parsing di base di un EML – estrae i campi necessari per la tabella messages.
+    Il parsing completo (body, allegati, EML-in-EML) è in Fase 3.
+    """
+    try:
+        msg = email.message_from_bytes(raw_bytes)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Errore parsing EML: {e}")
+        return {}
+
+    subject = _decode_header(msg.get("Subject"))
+    from_addr = email.utils.parseaddr(msg.get("From", ""))[1] or None
+    to_addrs = _extract_addresses(msg.get("To"))
+    cc_addrs = _extract_addresses(msg.get("Cc"))
+    message_id = msg.get("Message-ID", "").strip() or None
+    date = _parse_date(msg.get("Date"))
+    pec_type = _classify_pec_type(msg)
+
+    # Estrazione body text/html (best-effort – Fase 3 fa il parsing completo)
+    body_text = None
+    body_html = None
+    has_attachments = False
+
+    if msg.is_multipart():
+        for part in msg.walk():
+            ct = part.get_content_type()
+            disp = part.get("Content-Disposition", "")
+            if "attachment" in disp or "inline" in disp:
+                if part.get_filename():
+                    has_attachments = True
+            elif ct == "text/plain" and body_text is None:
+                try:
+                    charset = part.get_content_charset() or "utf-8"
+                    body_text = part.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset, errors="replace")
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            elif ct == "text/html" and body_html is None:
+                try:
+                    charset = part.get_content_charset() or "utf-8"
+                    body_html = part.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset, errors="replace")
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+    else:
+        ct = msg.get_content_type()
+        try:
+            charset = msg.get_content_charset() or "utf-8"
+            payload = msg.get_payload(decode=True)
+            if payload:
+                if ct == "text/plain":
+                    body_text = payload.decode(charset, errors="replace")
+                elif ct == "text/html":
+                    body_html = payload.decode(charset, errors="replace")
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    return {
+        "subject": subject,
+        "from_address": from_addr,
+        "to_addresses": to_addrs if to_addrs else None,
+        "cc_addresses": cc_addrs if cc_addrs else None,
+        "message_id_header": message_id,
+        "sent_at": date,
+        "pec_type": pec_type,
+        "body_text": body_text,
+        "body_html": body_html,
+        "has_attachments": has_attachments,
+    }
+
+
+# ─── Core sync function ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+async def sync_new_messages(
+    imap_client: aioimaplib.IMAP4 | aioimaplib.IMAP4_SSL,
+    mailbox: Mailbox,
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    redis_client: aioredis.Redis,
+) -> int:
+    """
+    Sincronizza i messaggi nuovi (UID > last_sync_uid) per la mailbox data.
+
+    Returns:
+        Numero di nuovi messaggi sincronizzati.
+    """
+    last_uid = mailbox.last_sync_uid or 0
+    search_range = f"{last_uid + 1}:*"
+
+    # ── SEARCH UID > last_sync_uid ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+    # aioimaplib non supporta uid('SEARCH',...) → usare search('UID', range)
+    # che invia "SEARCH UID n:*" e restituisce numeri di sequenza
+    try:
+        status, search_data = await imap_client.search("UID", search_range)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] SEARCH fallito: {e}")
+        return 0
+
+    if status != "OK":
+        logger.warning(
+            f"[{mailbox.email_address}] SEARCH status={status} data={search_data}"
+        )
+        return 0
+
+    # search() restituisce numeri di sequenza (non UID)
+    raw_seqs = b" ".join(
+        d if isinstance(d, bytes) else d.encode() for d in search_data
+    ).decode("ascii", errors="ignore").split()
+
+    seq_numbers = [s for s in raw_seqs if s.isdigit()]
+    if not seq_numbers:
+        return 0
+
+    # Limita il numero di fetch per ciclo
+    seq_numbers = seq_numbers[: settings.imap_max_fetch_per_cycle]
+    logger.info(
+        f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Trovati {len(seq_numbers)} messaggi nuovi da sincronizzare"
+    )
+
+    synced_count = 0
+    max_uid_synced = last_uid
+
+    for seq in seq_numbers:
+        try:
+            uid, synced = await _fetch_and_save_message_by_seq(
+                imap_client=imap_client,
+                seq=seq,
+                last_uid=last_uid,
+                mailbox=mailbox,
+                db=db,
+                redis_client=redis_client,
+            )
+            if synced and uid and uid > max_uid_synced:
+                synced_count += 1
+                max_uid_synced = uid
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(
+                f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Errore fetch seq {seq}: {e}",
+                exc_info=True,
+            )
+
+    # Aggiorna last_sync_uid e last_sync_at
+    if max_uid_synced > last_uid:
+        mailbox.last_sync_uid = max_uid_synced
+        mailbox.last_sync_at = datetime.now(UTC)
+        await db.flush()
+        await db.commit()
+
+    return synced_count
+
+
+async def _fetch_and_save_message_by_seq(
+    imap_client: aioimaplib.IMAP4 | aioimaplib.IMAP4_SSL,
+    seq: str,
+    last_uid: int,
+    mailbox: Mailbox,
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    redis_client: aioredis.Redis,
+) -> tuple[int | None, bool]:
+    """
+    Fetcha un singolo messaggio per NUMERO DI SEQUENZA (non UID).
+    Include UID nella richiesta FETCH per estrarlo dalla risposta.
+
+    Returns:
+        (uid, saved): UID del messaggio e True se salvato, False altrimenti.
+    """
+    # FETCH seq (UID RFC822 RFC822.SIZE)
+    try:
+        status, fetch_data = await imap_client.fetch(seq, "(UID RFC822 RFC822.SIZE)")
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] FETCH seq {seq} fallito: {e}")
+        return None, False
+
+    if status != "OK" or not fetch_data:
+        logger.warning(
+            f"[{mailbox.email_address}] FETCH seq {seq} risposta vuota: {status}"
+        )
+        return None, False
+
+    # Debug: mostra la struttura di fetch_data
+    items_info = [(type(x).__name__, len(x) if isinstance(x, (bytes, str)) else str(x)) for x in fetch_data]
+    logger.debug(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] fetch_data seq {seq}: {items_info}")
+
+    # Estrae UID, raw EML e size dalla risposta.
+    # NOTA CRITICA: aioimaplib restituisce il corpo EML come `bytearray` (non `bytes`)!
+    # [0] bytes  → FETCH response header con UID e RFC822.SIZE
+    # [1] bytearray → raw EML (il corpo del messaggio)
+    # [2] bytes  → ')' (chiusura)
+    # [3] bytes  → riga OK finale
+    uid: int | None = None
+    raw_eml: bytes | None = None
+    size_bytes: int | None = None
+
+    for item in fetch_data:
+        if isinstance(item, bytearray):
+            # Questo è il corpo del messaggio EML
+            if len(item) > 200:
+                raw_eml = bytes(item)
+        elif isinstance(item, bytes):
+            # Risposta header – estrae UID e RFC822.SIZE
+            item_str = item.decode("ascii", errors="ignore")
+            uid_match = re.search(r"UID\s+(\d+)", item_str)
+            if uid_match:
+                uid = int(uid_match.group(1))
+            size_match = re.search(r"RFC822\.SIZE\s+(\d+)", item_str)
+            if size_match:
+                size_bytes = int(size_match.group(1))
+        elif isinstance(item, str):
+            uid_match = re.search(r"UID\s+(\d+)", item)
+            if uid_match:
+                uid = int(uid_match.group(1))
+            size_match = re.search(r"RFC822\.SIZE\s+(\d+)", item)
+            if size_match:
+                size_bytes = int(size_match.group(1))
+
+    if uid is None or uid <= last_uid:
+        # Questo messaggio ha un UID <= last_uid, non va sincronizzato
+        return uid, False
+
+    if not raw_eml:
+        logger.warning(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] seq {seq} UID {uid}: body mancante")
+        return uid, False
+
+    if size_bytes is None:
+        size_bytes = len(raw_eml)
+
+    return uid, await _save_message(
+        uid=uid,
+        raw_eml=raw_eml,
+        size_bytes=size_bytes,
+        mailbox=mailbox,
+        db=db,
+        redis_client=redis_client,
+    )
+
+
+async def _fetch_and_save_message(
+    imap_client: aioimaplib.IMAP4 | aioimaplib.IMAP4_SSL,
+    uid: int,
+    mailbox: Mailbox,
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    redis_client: aioredis.Redis,
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Fetcha un singolo messaggio per UID (usato dal job sync_mailbox one-shot).
+    Usa UID FETCH (aioimaplib uid() method).
+    """
+    existing = await db.execute(
+        select(Message.id).where(
+            Message.mailbox_id == mailbox.id,
+            Message.imap_uid == uid,
+        )
+    )
+    if existing.scalar_one_or_none():
+        return False
+
+    try:
+        status, fetch_data = await imap_client.uid("FETCH", str(uid), "(RFC822 RFC822.SIZE)")
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] UID FETCH {uid} fallito: {e}")
+        return False
+
+    if status != "OK" or not fetch_data:
+        return False
+
+    raw_eml: bytes | None = None
+    size_bytes: int | None = None
+    for item in fetch_data:
+        if isinstance(item, bytes) and len(item) > 100:
+            raw_eml = item
+        elif isinstance(item, (bytes, str)):
+            s = item.decode("ascii", errors="ignore") if isinstance(item, bytes) else item
+            m = re.search(r"RFC822\.SIZE\s+(\d+)", s)
+            if m:
+                size_bytes = int(m.group(1))
+
+    if not raw_eml:
+        return False
+
+    return await _save_message(
+        uid=uid,
+        raw_eml=raw_eml,
+        size_bytes=size_bytes or len(raw_eml),
+        mailbox=mailbox,
+        db=db,
+        redis_client=redis_client,
+    )
+
+
+async def _save_message(
+    uid: int,
+    raw_eml: bytes,
+    size_bytes: int,
+    mailbox: Mailbox,
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    redis_client: aioredis.Redis,
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Salva un messaggio EML in DB e su MinIO. Pubblica evento WebSocket.
+    """
+    # Idempotenza
+    existing = await db.execute(
+        select(Message.id).where(
+            Message.mailbox_id == mailbox.id,
+            Message.imap_uid == uid,
+        )
+    )
+    if existing.scalar_one_or_none():
+        logger.debug(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] UID {uid} già in DB, skip")
+        return False
+
+    parsed = _parse_eml(raw_eml)
+    received_at = datetime.now(UTC)
+
+    # Upload su MinIO
+    eml_path: str | None = None
+    try:
+        eml_path = await upload_eml(
+            tenant_id=str(mailbox.tenant_id),
+            mailbox_id=str(mailbox.id),
+            uid=uid,
+            eml_bytes=raw_eml,
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Upload MinIO UID {uid}: {e}")
+
+    # Salva in DB
+    message = Message(
+        id=uuid.uuid4(),
+        tenant_id=mailbox.tenant_id,
+        mailbox_id=mailbox.id,
+        imap_uid=uid,
+        imap_folder="INBOX",
+        direction="inbound",
+        state="received",
+        pec_type=parsed.get("pec_type", "posta_certificata"),
+        subject=parsed.get("subject"),
+        from_address=parsed.get("from_address"),
+        to_addresses=parsed.get("to_addresses"),
+        cc_addresses=parsed.get("cc_addresses"),
+        message_id_header=parsed.get("message_id_header"),
+        sent_at=parsed.get("sent_at"),
+        received_at=received_at,
+        size_bytes=size_bytes,
+        body_text=parsed.get("body_text"),
+        body_html=parsed.get("body_html"),
+        has_attachments=parsed.get("has_attachments", False),
+        raw_eml_path=eml_path,
+        is_read=False,
+    )
+    db.add(message)
+    await db.flush()
+
+    # Pubblica evento Redis per WebSocket
+    try:
+        event = {
+            "type": "mailbox:new_message",
+            "mailbox_id": str(mailbox.id),
+            "message_id": str(message.id),
+            "subject": message.subject or "",
+            "from_address": message.from_address or "",
+            "pec_type": message.pec_type,
+            "received_at": received_at.isoformat(),
+        }
+        await redis_client.publish(f"ws:tenant:{mailbox.tenant_id}", json.dumps(event))
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Redis publish UID {uid}: {e}")
+
+    logger.info(
+        f"[{mailbox.email_address}] Nuovo messaggio: UID={uid} "
+        f"subject={message.subject!r} pec_type={message.pec_type}"
+    )
+    return True

worker/app/jobs/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Definizioni job arq

worker/app/jobs/sync_mailbox.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+"""
+Job arq: sync_mailbox – trigger manuale per forzare la sincronizzazione di una casella.
+
+Questo job viene usato per:
+  - Forzare una sync immediata dopo la creazione di una nuova casella
+  - Resync manuale da parte dell'admin
+  - Retry dopo un errore (called dal pool monitor)
+
+Non sostituisce il loop IMAP continuo (IMAPConnection); è un one-shot job.
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Any
+
+from app.database import AsyncSessionLocal
+from app.imap.reconnect import ExponentialBackoff
+from app.imap.sync import sync_new_messages
+from app.models import Mailbox
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+async def sync_mailbox(ctx: dict[str, Any], mailbox_id: str) -> dict:
+    """
+    Job arq: sincronizza una singola casella PEC.
+
+    Args:
+        ctx: contesto arq (contiene redis, pool reference)
+        mailbox_id: UUID della casella da sincronizzare
+
+    Returns:
+        dict con risultato del job
+    """
+    redis_client = ctx.get("redis")
+
+    async with AsyncSessionLocal() as db:
+        mailbox = await db.get(Mailbox, mailbox_id)
+
+        if not mailbox:
+            return {"status": "error", "message": f"Mailbox {mailbox_id} non trovata"}
+
+        if mailbox.status not in ("active", "error"):
+            return {
+                "status": "skipped",
+                "message": f"Mailbox status={mailbox.status}, skip",
+            }
+
+        from app.imap.connection import IMAPConnection
+
+        creds = IMAPConnection._decrypt_creds(mailbox)
+
+        try:
+            from app.imap.connection import IMAPConnection
+
+            conn = IMAPConnection(mailbox_id=mailbox_id, redis_client=redis_client)
+            client = await conn._connect(creds)
+
+            n = await sync_new_messages(client, mailbox, db, redis_client)
+
+            try:
+                await client.logout()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+            return {
+                "status": "ok",
+                "mailbox": mailbox.email_address,
+                "new_messages": n,
+            }
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"[sync_mailbox] {mailbox_id} errore: {e}", exc_info=True)
+            return {
+                "status": "error",
+                "mailbox": mailbox.email_address,
+                "message": str(e),
+            }

worker/app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+"""
+Entrypoint worker arq – PecFlow IMAP Sync Engine.
+
+Avvio: python -m app.main
+
+Cosa fa:
+  1. Connette a Redis tramite arq
+  2. on_startup → avvia MailboxPool (N task IMAP asincroni)
+  3. on_shutdown → ferma MailboxPool
+  4. Registra job arq (sync_mailbox, future: send_pec, archive_batch, ecc.)
+  5. Loop arq per processare job dalla coda Redis
+
+L'event loop è condiviso tra arq e MailboxPool (asyncio task).
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import sys
+from typing import Any
+
+import redis.asyncio as aioredis
+from arq import run_worker
+from arq.connections import RedisSettings
+
+from app.config import get_settings
+from app.imap.pool import MailboxPool
+from app.jobs.sync_mailbox import sync_mailbox
+from app.storage.minio_client import ensure_bucket_exists
+
+settings = get_settings()
+
+# Logging
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=getattr(logging, settings.log_level.upper(), logging.INFO),
+    format="%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(name)s: %(message)s",
+    stream=sys.stdout,
+)
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Pool globale (accessibile dalle callback)
+_mailbox_pool: MailboxPool | None = None
+
+
+# ─── Lifecycle callbacks arq ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+async def on_startup(ctx: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    """
+    Inizializzazione worker all'avvio.
+    Avvia il MailboxPool con tutte le caselle attive.
+    """
+    global _mailbox_pool
+
+    logger.info("🚀 PecFlow Worker avviato")
+    logger.info(f"  DB:    {settings.database_url.split('@')[-1]}")
+    logger.info(f"  Redis: {settings.redis_url}")
+    logger.info(f"  MinIO: {settings.minio_endpoint}")
+
+    # Verifica/crea bucket MinIO
+    try:
+        await ensure_bucket_exists()
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"MinIO non disponibile al startup: {e}")
+
+    # Crea client Redis condiviso
+    redis_client = aioredis.from_url(settings.redis_url, decode_responses=True)
+    ctx["redis"] = redis_client
+
+    # Avvia MailboxPool
+    _mailbox_pool = MailboxPool(redis_client=redis_client)
+    ctx["mailbox_pool"] = _mailbox_pool
+    await _mailbox_pool.start()
+
+    logger.info(
+        f"✅ Worker pronto: {_mailbox_pool.active_count} caselle IMAP attive"
+    )
+
+
+async def on_shutdown(ctx: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    """Cleanup all'arresto del worker."""
+    global _mailbox_pool
+
+    logger.info("🛑 PecFlow Worker in arresto...")
+
+    pool = ctx.get("mailbox_pool") or _mailbox_pool
+    if pool:
+        await pool.stop()
+
+    redis_client = ctx.get("redis")
+    if redis_client:
+        await redis_client.aclose()
+
+    logger.info("🛑 Worker fermato")
+
+
+# ─── Worker health check ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+async def health_check(ctx: dict[str, Any]) -> dict:
+    """
+    Job speciale per health check del worker.
+    Può essere chiamato da monitoring esterno.
+    """
+    pool: MailboxPool | None = ctx.get("mailbox_pool")
+    return {
+        "status": "ok",
+        "active_imap_connections": pool.active_count if pool else 0,
+    }
+
+
+# ─── WorkerSettings arq ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def _parse_redis_settings() -> RedisSettings:
+    """Parsa REDIS_URL in RedisSettings arq."""
+    url = settings.redis_url
+    # Supporta redis://host:port/db e redis://user:pass@host:port/db
+    import urllib.parse
+    parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+
+    host = parsed.hostname or "localhost"
+    port = parsed.port or 6379
+    db = int(parsed.path.lstrip("/") or "0")
+    password = parsed.password or None
+
+    return RedisSettings(host=host, port=port, database=db, password=password)
+
+
+class WorkerSettings:
+    """Configurazione del worker arq."""
+
+    # Funzioni/job registrati
+    functions = [sync_mailbox, health_check]
+
+    # Callbacks lifecycle
+    on_startup = on_startup
+    on_shutdown = on_shutdown
+
+    # Redis
+    redis_settings = _parse_redis_settings()
+
+    # Concorrenza
+    max_jobs = 20
+
+    # Timeout per ogni job (secondi)
+    job_timeout = 300
+
+    # Retry automatico in caso di errore
+    max_tries = 3
+
+    # Polling interval (arq controlla la coda ogni N ms)
+    poll_delay = 0.5
+
+    # Keep job results per N secondi
+    keep_result = 3600
+
+
+# ─── Entrypoint ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    logger.info("Avvio PecFlow Worker (arq)...")
+    run_worker(WorkerSettings)

worker/app/models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+"""
+Re-export dei modelli SQLAlchemy dal backend.
+
+Il worker usa gli stessi modelli ORM del backend per leggere/scrivere nel DB.
+Importa da una base comune tramite il package condiviso.
+
+Nota: i modelli sono definiti nel backend. Il worker li ridefinisce qui
+come classi identiche (stessa struttura) per non creare dipendenza circolare.
+Tuttavia, poiché i due container condividono lo stesso DB PostgreSQL,
+utilizziamo i modelli del backend ricopiando solo le parti necessarie.
+"""
+
+# I modelli completi sono già in backend/app/models/.
+# Il worker li importa dalla propria copia locale per evitare
+# una dipendenza del package worker → backend.
+# In un monorepo reale si userebbe un shared/ package.
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import (
+    ARRAY, BigInteger, Boolean, DateTime, Enum, ForeignKey,
+    Integer, String, Text, func,
+)
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+MailboxStatus = Enum(
+    "active", "paused", "error", "deleted",
+    name="mailbox_status", create_type=False,
+)
+
+PecDirection = Enum("inbound", "outbound", name="pec_direction", create_type=False)
+PecState = Enum(
+    "draft", "queued", "sent", "accepted", "delivered", "anomaly", "failed", "received",
+    name="pec_state", create_type=False,
+)
+PecMsgType = Enum(
+    "posta_certificata", "accettazione", "non_accettazione", "presa_in_carico",
+    "avvenuta_consegna", "mancata_consegna", "errore_consegna",
+    "preavviso_mancata_consegna", "rilevazione_virus", "unknown",
+    name="pec_msg_type", create_type=False,
+)
+
+
+class Mailbox(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "mailboxes"
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True)
+    tenant_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), nullable=False)
+    email_address: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    display_name: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    provider: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(100), nullable=True)
+
+    imap_host_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    imap_port_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    imap_user_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    imap_pass_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    imap_use_ssl: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=True)
+
+    smtp_host_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    smtp_port_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    smtp_user_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    smtp_pass_enc: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    smtp_use_tls: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=True)
+
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(MailboxStatus, nullable=False, default="active")
+    last_sync_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    last_sync_uid: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(BigInteger, nullable=True)
+    sync_error_msg: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    sync_error_count: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=0)
+
+    created_by: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), nullable=True)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())
+    updated_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now(), onupdate=func.now()
+    )
+
+
+class Message(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "messages"
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4
+    )
+    tenant_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), nullable=False)
+    mailbox_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), nullable=False)
+
+    message_id_header: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    imap_uid: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(BigInteger, nullable=True)
+    imap_folder: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False, default="INBOX")
+
+    direction: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(PecDirection, nullable=False)
+    pec_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(PecMsgType, nullable=False, default="posta_certificata")
+    state: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(PecState, nullable=False)
+
+    subject: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    from_address: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    to_addresses: Mapped[list[str] | None] = mapped_column(ARRAY(Text), nullable=True)
+    cc_addresses: Mapped[list[str] | None] = mapped_column(ARRAY(Text), nullable=True)
+    sent_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    received_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    size_bytes: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(BigInteger, nullable=True)
+
+    body_text: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    body_html: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    has_attachments: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
+
+    parent_message_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("messages.id"), nullable=True
+    )
+
+    is_read: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
+    is_starred: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
+    is_archived: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
+    archived_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+
+    raw_eml_path: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())
+    updated_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now(), onupdate=func.now()
+    )

worker/app/storage/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# MinIO storage client

worker/app/storage/minio_client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+"""
+Client MinIO/S3 asincrono per il worker.
+
+Percorso EML raw:  pecflow/tenants/{tenant_id}/mailboxes/{mailbox_id}/raw/{uid}.eml
+Percorso allegati: pecflow/tenants/{tenant_id}/mailboxes/{mailbox_id}/attachments/{msg_id}/{filename}
+"""
+
+import io
+import logging
+from functools import lru_cache
+
+from miniopy_async import Minio
+
+from app.config import get_settings
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+settings = get_settings()
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def get_minio_client() -> Minio:
+    """Restituisce l'istanza singleton del client MinIO."""
+    return Minio(
+        endpoint=settings.minio_endpoint,
+        access_key=settings.minio_access_key,
+        secret_key=settings.minio_secret_key,
+        secure=settings.minio_use_ssl,
+    )
+
+
+async def upload_eml(
+    tenant_id: str,
+    mailbox_id: str,
+    uid: int,
+    eml_bytes: bytes,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Carica un raw EML su MinIO e restituisce il percorso oggetto.
+
+    Percorso: tenants/{tenant_id}/mailboxes/{mailbox_id}/raw/{uid}.eml
+    """
+    client = get_minio_client()
+    bucket = settings.minio_bucket
+    object_path = f"tenants/{tenant_id}/mailboxes/{mailbox_id}/raw/{uid}.eml"
+
+    try:
+        data_stream = io.BytesIO(eml_bytes)
+        await client.put_object(
+            bucket_name=bucket,
+            object_name=object_path,
+            data=data_stream,
+            length=len(eml_bytes),
+            content_type="message/rfc822",
+        )
+        logger.debug(f"EML caricato: s3://{bucket}/{object_path} ({len(eml_bytes)} bytes)")
+        return object_path
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Errore upload EML {object_path}: {e}")
+        raise
+
+
+async def ensure_bucket_exists() -> None:
+    """Verifica che il bucket MinIO esista, altrimenti lo crea."""
+    client = get_minio_client()
+    bucket = settings.minio_bucket
+    try:
+        found = await client.bucket_exists(bucket)
+        if not found:
+            await client.make_bucket(bucket)
+            logger.info(f"Bucket MinIO creato: {bucket}")
+        else:
+            logger.debug(f"Bucket MinIO esistente: {bucket}")
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Impossibile verificare/creare bucket MinIO: {e}")

worker/pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools>=68", "wheel"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "pecflow-worker"
+version = "1.0.0"
+description = "PecFlow – Worker IMAP sync + background jobs"
+requires-python = ">=3.12"
+
+dependencies = [
+    # Job queue
+    "arq>=0.26.1",
+
+    # Database (stessi driver del backend)
+    "sqlalchemy>=2.0.36",
+    "asyncpg>=0.29.0",
+    "alembic>=1.13.0",
+
+    # Configurazione
+    "pydantic>=2.9.0",
+    "pydantic-settings>=2.5.0",
+
+    # Redis
+    "redis[asyncio]>=5.0.0",
+
+    # IMAP async
+    "aioimaplib>=2.0.0",
+
+    # Storage MinIO/S3
+    "miniopy-async>=1.21.0",
+
+    # Sicurezza (stesso modulo del backend per decifratura credenziali)
+    "cryptography>=43.0.0",
+    "python-jose[cryptography]>=3.3.0",
+    "bcrypt>=4.0.0",
+
+    # Utilities
+    "python-dotenv>=1.0.0",
+    "email-validator>=2.2.0",
+]
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+dev = [
+    "pytest>=8.3.0",
+    "pytest-asyncio>=0.24.0",
+    "pytest-cov>=5.0.0",
+    "anyio>=4.6.0",
+    "ruff>=0.7.0",
+    "mypy>=1.13.0",
+]
+
+[tool.setuptools.packages.find]
+where = ["."]
+include = ["app*"]
+
+[tool.ruff]
+target-version = "py312"
+line-length = 100
+src = ["app", "tests"]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+select = ["E", "W", "F", "I", "B", "C4", "UP"]
+ignore = ["E501", "B008", "B904"]
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+python_files = ["test_*.py"]
+python_classes = ["Test*"]
+python_functions = ["test_*"]
+filterwarnings = [
+    "ignore::DeprecationWarning",
+    "ignore::PendingDeprecationWarning",
+]

worker/tests/integration/test_imap_sync.py

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+"""
+Test di integrazione IMAP con GreenMail (server IMAP mock via Docker).
+
+Prerequisiti:
+  - GreenMail in esecuzione: docker compose --profile greenmail up -d greenmail
+  - Endpoint IMAP: localhost:3143 (plain) o localhost:3993 (SSL)
+  - Credenziali test: test@example.com / secret
+
+Esecuzione:
+  cd worker && pytest tests/integration/test_imap_sync.py -v
+
+I test sono contrassegnati con @pytest.mark.integration e saltati se
+GREENMAIL_HOST non è raggiungibile.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import socket
+import uuid
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+# ─── Skip automatico se GreenMail non disponibile ─────────────────────────────
+
+GREENMAIL_HOST = os.getenv("GREENMAIL_HOST", "localhost")
+GREENMAIL_IMAP_PORT = int(os.getenv("GREENMAIL_IMAP_PORT", "3143"))
+
+
+def _is_greenmail_running() -> bool:
+    """Verifica se GreenMail IMAP è raggiungibile."""
+    try:
+        with socket.create_connection((GREENMAIL_HOST, GREENMAIL_IMAP_PORT), timeout=2):
+            return True
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+skip_if_no_greenmail = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not _is_greenmail_running(),
+    reason=f"GreenMail non disponibile su {GREENMAIL_HOST}:{GREENMAIL_IMAP_PORT}",
+)
+
+# ─── Fixture: mailbox mock ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def make_mock_mailbox(
+    email_address: str = "test@example.com",
+    host: str = GREENMAIL_HOST,
+    port: int = GREENMAIL_IMAP_PORT,
+    user: str = "test@example.com",
+    password: str = "secret",
+    use_ssl: bool = False,
+    last_sync_uid: int | None = None,
+) -> MagicMock:
+    """Crea un mock di Mailbox con credenziali cifrate per GreenMail."""
+    from app.imap.connection import _decrypt
+    from app.config import get_settings
+    import base64
+    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.aead import AESGCM
+
+    settings = get_settings()
+    key = settings.encryption_key_bytes
+    aesgcm = AESGCM(key)
+
+    def encrypt(value: str) -> str:
+        import os as _os
+        nonce = _os.urandom(12)
+        ct = aesgcm.encrypt(nonce, value.encode(), None)
+        return base64.b64encode(nonce + ct).decode()
+
+    mailbox = MagicMock()
+    mailbox.id = uuid.uuid4()
+    mailbox.tenant_id = uuid.uuid4()
+    mailbox.email_address = email_address
+    mailbox.status = "active"
+    mailbox.last_sync_uid = last_sync_uid
+    mailbox.sync_error_count = 0
+    mailbox.sync_error_msg = None
+
+    mailbox.imap_host_enc = encrypt(host)
+    mailbox.imap_port_enc = encrypt(str(port))
+    mailbox.imap_user_enc = encrypt(user)
+    mailbox.imap_pass_enc = encrypt(password)
+    mailbox.imap_use_ssl = use_ssl
+
+    return mailbox
+
+
+# ─── Test: connessione IMAP a GreenMail ──────────────────────────────────────
+
+@skip_if_no_greenmail
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_imap_connect_greenmail():
+    """Verifica che IMAPConnection si connetta correttamente a GreenMail."""
+    import aioimaplib
+    from app.imap.connection import IMAPConnection
+
+    mailbox = make_mock_mailbox()
+    creds = IMAPConnection._decrypt_creds(mailbox)
+
+    conn = IMAPConnection.__new__(IMAPConnection)
+    client = await conn._connect(creds)
+
+    assert client is not None
+
+    # Verifica che SELECT INBOX abbia funzionato
+    status, _ = await client.select("INBOX")
+    assert status == "OK"
+
+    await client.logout()
+
+
+@skip_if_no_greenmail
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_imap_search_empty_inbox():
+    """SEARCH su inbox vuota restituisce lista vuota."""
+    import aioimaplib
+    from app.imap.connection import IMAPConnection
+
+    mailbox = make_mock_mailbox(last_sync_uid=0)
+    creds = IMAPConnection._decrypt_creds(mailbox)
+
+    conn = IMAPConnection.__new__(IMAPConnection)
+    client = await conn._connect(creds)
+
+    # Cerca UID > 0 (tutti)
+    status, data = await client.uid("SEARCH", "UID", "1:*")
+    # Non deve sollevare eccezione
+    assert status in ("OK", "NO")
+
+    await client.logout()
+
+
+# ─── Test: sync con DB mockato ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_sync_new_messages_empty():
+    """sync_new_messages con inbox vuota restituisce 0."""
+    from app.imap.sync import sync_new_messages
+
+    # Mock IMAP client che risponde con lista vuota
+    mock_client = AsyncMock()
+    mock_client.uid = AsyncMock(return_value=("OK", [b""]))
+
+    # Mock mailbox
+    mailbox = MagicMock()
+    mailbox.id = uuid.uuid4()
+    mailbox.tenant_id = uuid.uuid4()
+    mailbox.email_address = "test@example.com"
+    mailbox.last_sync_uid = 0
+
+    # Mock DB
+    mock_db = AsyncMock()
+    mock_db.execute = AsyncMock(return_value=MagicMock(scalar_one_or_none=lambda: None))
+
+    # Mock Redis
+    mock_redis = AsyncMock()
+
+    n = await sync_new_messages(mock_client, mailbox, mock_db, mock_redis)
+    assert n == 0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_sync_skips_duplicate_uid():
+    """sync_new_messages salta UID già presenti nel DB."""
+    from app.imap.sync import sync_new_messages
+    from sqlalchemy.engine import Result
+
+    existing_uid = 42
+
+    mock_client = AsyncMock()
+    # SEARCH restituisce UID 42
+    mock_client.uid = AsyncMock(return_value=("OK", [f"{existing_uid}".encode()]))
+
+    mailbox = MagicMock()
+    mailbox.id = uuid.uuid4()
+    mailbox.tenant_id = uuid.uuid4()
+    mailbox.email_address = "test@example.com"
+    mailbox.last_sync_uid = 41
+
+    # DB: UID 42 già presente
+    mock_result = MagicMock()
+    mock_result.scalar_one_or_none.return_value = uuid.uuid4()  # esiste già
+
+    mock_db = AsyncMock()
+    mock_db.execute = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_result)
+    mock_db.flush = AsyncMock()
+    mock_db.commit = AsyncMock()
+
+    mock_redis = AsyncMock()
+
+    n = await sync_new_messages(mock_client, mailbox, mock_db, mock_redis)
+    # Deve restituire 0 perché il messaggio è già in DB
+    assert n == 0
+
+
+# ─── Test: parsing EML ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def test_parse_pec_message():
+    """Parsing di un EML PEC tipico."""
+    from app.imap.sync import _parse_eml
+
+    raw = b"""From: mittente@aruba.pec.it
+To: destinatario@pec.it
+Subject: Comunicazione ufficiale n. 2026/001
+Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2026 09:00:00 +0100
+Message-ID: <20260318090000.1234@aruba.pec.it>
+X-Ricevuta: posta-certificata
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
+
+Gentile destinatario,
+in riferimento alla pratica n. 2026/001...
+"""
+
+    parsed = _parse_eml(raw)
+    assert parsed["subject"] == "Comunicazione ufficiale n. 2026/001"
+    assert parsed["from_address"] == "mittente@aruba.pec.it"
+    assert parsed["pec_type"] == "posta_certificata"
+    assert parsed["sent_at"] is not None
+    assert "destinatario@pec.it" in parsed["to_addresses"]
+
+
+def test_parse_ricevuta_avvenuta_consegna():
+    """Parsing di una ricevuta di avvenuta consegna."""
+    from app.imap.sync import _parse_eml
+
+    raw = b"""From: posta-certificata@aruba.pec.it
+To: mittente@aruba.pec.it
+Subject: AVVENUTA CONSEGNA: Comunicazione n. 001
+Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2026 09:05:00 +0100
+Message-ID: <ricevuta.001@aruba.pec.it>
+X-Riferimento-Message-ID: <20260318090000.1234@aruba.pec.it>
+X-TipoRicevuta: avvenuta-consegna
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
+
+Il messaggio e' stato consegnato.
+"""
+
+    parsed = _parse_eml(raw)
+    assert parsed["pec_type"] == "avvenuta_consegna"
+    assert "AVVENUTA CONSEGNA" in parsed["subject"]
+
+
+# ─── Test: backoff con connessione reale ─────────────────────────────────────
+
+@skip_if_no_greenmail
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reconnect_after_logout():
+    """Il sistema si riconnette dopo una disconnessione forzata."""
+    from app.imap.connection import IMAPConnection
+
+    mailbox = make_mock_mailbox()
+    creds = IMAPConnection._decrypt_creds(mailbox)
+
+    conn = IMAPConnection.__new__(IMAPConnection)
+
+    # Prima connessione
+    client1 = await conn._connect(creds)
+    assert client1 is not None
+
+    # Disconnessione forzata
+    await client1.logout()
+
+    # Seconda connessione (simula riconnessione)
+    client2 = await conn._connect(creds)
+    assert client2 is not None
+
+    await client2.logout()

worker/tests/unit/test_reconnect.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+"""
+Unit test: ExponentialBackoff
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import time
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.imap.reconnect import ExponentialBackoff
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_backoff_increases():
+    """Il tempo di attesa aumenta ad ogni tentativo."""
+    backoff = ExponentialBackoff(label="test", jitter=False)
+
+    # Registra i tempi senza aspettare davvero (patch asyncio.sleep)
+    waits = []
+
+    original_sleep = asyncio.sleep
+
+    async def fake_sleep(t):
+        waits.append(t)
+
+    asyncio.sleep = fake_sleep
+    try:
+        await backoff.wait()
+        await backoff.wait()
+        await backoff.wait()
+    finally:
+        asyncio.sleep = original_sleep
+
+    assert waits[1] > waits[0], "Il secondo wait deve essere maggiore del primo"
+    assert waits[2] > waits[1], "Il terzo wait deve essere maggiore del secondo"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_backoff_reset():
+    """reset() riporta il contatore a zero e il wait riparte dal valore iniziale."""
+    backoff = ExponentialBackoff(label="test", jitter=False)
+    waits = []
+
+    async def fake_sleep(t):
+        waits.append(t)
+
+    original_sleep = asyncio.sleep
+    asyncio.sleep = fake_sleep
+    try:
+        await backoff.wait()   # waits[0]: valore iniziale (es. 1.0)
+        await backoff.wait()   # waits[1]: valore incrementato (es. 2.0)
+        backoff.reset()
+        await backoff.wait()   # waits[2]: deve tornare al valore iniziale
+    finally:
+        asyncio.sleep = original_sleep
+
+    # Dopo reset il wait riparte dal valore iniziale
+    assert backoff.attempt == 1
+    assert waits[2] == waits[0], (
+        f"Dopo reset il wait deve tornare a {waits[0]}, ma era {waits[2]}"
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_backoff_max():
+    """Il tempo di attesa non supera backoff_max_seconds."""
+    from app.config import get_settings
+    settings = get_settings()
+
+    backoff = ExponentialBackoff(label="test", jitter=False)
+    max_recorded = 0.0
+
+    async def fake_sleep(t):
+        nonlocal max_recorded
+        max_recorded = max(max_recorded, t)
+
+    original_sleep = asyncio.sleep
+    asyncio.sleep = fake_sleep
+    try:
+        for _ in range(20):
+            await backoff.wait()
+    finally:
+        asyncio.sleep = original_sleep
+
+    assert max_recorded <= settings.backoff_max_seconds + 0.1
+
+
+def test_backoff_attempt_count():
+    """Il contatore tentativi si incrementa correttamente."""
+    import asyncio
+    backoff = ExponentialBackoff(label="test", jitter=False)
+
+    async def run():
+        async def fake_sleep(_):
+            pass
+
+        asyncio.sleep = fake_sleep
+        await backoff.wait()
+        await backoff.wait()
+        await backoff.wait()
+
+    asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(run())
+    assert backoff.attempt == 3

worker/tests/unit/test_sync_parsing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+"""
+Unit test: parsing EML e classificazione tipo PEC.
+"""
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.imap.sync import _decode_header, _extract_addresses, _parse_date, _parse_eml, _classify_pec_type
+import email
+
+
+# ─── Test _decode_header ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def test_decode_header_plain():
+    assert _decode_header("Hello World") == "Hello World"
+
+
+def test_decode_header_none():
+    assert _decode_header(None) is None
+
+
+def test_decode_header_encoded():
+    # Header UTF-8 base64 encoded
+    encoded = "=?utf-8?b?UEVDIHRlc3Q=?="  # "PEC test"
+    assert _decode_header(encoded) == "PEC test"
+
+
+def test_decode_header_encoded_iso():
+    # Header ISO-8859-1 quoted printable
+    encoded = "=?iso-8859-1?q?Multa_n=2E_123?="  # "Multa n. 123"
+    result = _decode_header(encoded)
+    assert result is not None
+    assert "Multa" in result
+
+
+# ─── Test _extract_addresses ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def test_extract_addresses_single():
+    addrs = _extract_addresses("test@example.com")
+    assert "test@example.com" in addrs
+
+
+def test_extract_addresses_multiple():
+    addrs = _extract_addresses("a@x.com, b@y.com, c@z.com")
+    assert len(addrs) == 3
+    assert "a@x.com" in addrs
+    assert "b@y.com" in addrs
+
+
+def test_extract_addresses_with_display_name():
+    addrs = _extract_addresses('"Mario Rossi" <mario@comune.it>')
+    assert "mario@comune.it" in addrs
+
+
+def test_extract_addresses_empty():
+    assert _extract_addresses(None) == []
+    assert _extract_addresses("") == []
+
+
+# ─── Test _parse_date ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def test_parse_date_valid():
+    date = _parse_date("Wed, 18 Mar 2026 14:00:00 +0100")
+    assert date is not None
+    assert date.year == 2026
+    assert date.month == 3
+    assert date.day == 18
+
+
+def test_parse_date_none():
+    assert _parse_date(None) is None
+
+
+def test_parse_date_invalid():
+    assert _parse_date("not-a-date") is None
+
+
+# ─── Test _classify_pec_type ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def test_classify_pec_type_avvenuta_consegna():
+    msg = email.message_from_string(
+        "From: server@pec.it\r\n"
+        "X-TipoRicevuta: avvenuta-consegna\r\n"
+        "\r\n"
+    )
+    assert _classify_pec_type(msg) == "avvenuta_consegna"
+
+
+def test_classify_pec_type_accettazione():
+    msg = email.message_from_string(
+        "From: server@pec.it\r\n"
+        "X-Ricevuta: accettazione\r\n"
+        "\r\n"
+    )
+    assert _classify_pec_type(msg) == "accettazione"
+
+
+def test_classify_pec_type_posta_certificata():
+    msg = email.message_from_string(
+        "From: mittente@pec.it\r\n"
+        "Subject: Messaggio PEC\r\n"
+        "\r\n"
+    )
+    assert _classify_pec_type(msg) == "posta_certificata"
+
+
+def test_classify_pec_type_x_tipo_prevalente():
+    """X-TipoRicevuta ha precedenza su X-Ricevuta."""
+    msg = email.message_from_string(
+        "From: server@pec.it\r\n"
+        "X-Ricevuta: accettazione\r\n"
+        "X-TipoRicevuta: avvenuta-consegna\r\n"
+        "\r\n"
+    )
+    assert _classify_pec_type(msg) == "avvenuta_consegna"
+
+
+# ─── Test _parse_eml completo ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+RAW_EML = b"""From: mittente@pec.it
+To: destinatario@pec.it
+Cc: copia@pec.it
+Subject: Test PEC Fase 2
+Message-ID: <test123@pec.it>
+Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
+
+Corpo del messaggio di test.
+"""
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_subject():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML)
+    assert parsed["subject"] == "Test PEC Fase 2"
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_from():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML)
+    assert parsed["from_address"] == "mittente@pec.it"
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_to():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML)
+    assert "destinatario@pec.it" in parsed["to_addresses"]
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_cc():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML)
+    assert "copia@pec.it" in parsed["cc_addresses"]
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_message_id():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML)
+    assert parsed["message_id_header"] == "<test123@pec.it>"
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_body_text():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML)
+    assert "Corpo del messaggio" in (parsed.get("body_text") or "")
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_no_attachments():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML)
+    assert parsed["has_attachments"] is False
+
+
+RAW_EML_WITH_ATTACHMENT = b"""From: mittente@pec.it
+To: destinatario@pec.it
+Subject: PEC con allegato
+Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----boundary123"
+
+------boundary123
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
+
+Testo del messaggio.
+
+------boundary123
+Content-Type: application/pdf; name="documento.pdf"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="documento.pdf"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
+
+JVBERi0xLjQ=
+
+------boundary123--
+"""
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_with_attachment():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(RAW_EML_WITH_ATTACHMENT)
+    assert parsed["has_attachments"] is True
+    assert "Testo del messaggio" in (parsed.get("body_text") or "")
+
+
+def test_parse_eml_empty():
+    parsed = _parse_eml(b"")
+    # Non deve sollevare eccezione
+    assert isinstance(parsed, dict)